THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA

IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA (LAND DIVISION)

MISC. APPLICATION NO. 2052/2016

(Arising from Misc. Application No. 1032/2015) (Under CIVIL Suit NO. 829/2015)

1. FATUMA DUSTO NALUMANSI
2. MRS. NSUBUGA MARY
3. NKUMBI GODFREY SALONGO
4. NANKYA REGINA

VERSUS

1. SSERUNJOGI MUSA
2. AINOMUGASHO WINFRED
3. SARAH NAMUTEBI
4. HENRY KAMYA MAKUMBI
5. IZALIKHA NABATEREGGA
6. ISA BUKENYA
7. KAKEMBO HADIJA SEBADUKA
8. ABDUL SEGUJJA AND WERAGA
9. DR. M. ASIIRA BEN
10. NAKIJJOBA JESSICA
11. MAYANJA VANESSA
12. NALWOGA VIVIAN
13. EDWARD NGOBYA

1. NGABIRANO CHARLES
2. MWIJUKYE VINCENT
3. ATUHE STELLA
4. AISHA KYAMUKABI AZIZA
5. THE COMMISSIONER LAND REGISTRATION

BEFORE: HON. MR. JUSTICE J.W. KWESIGA

RULING:

This application by Notice of Motion was brought under Section 33, Judicature Act. And S.98 of Civil Procedure Act. Seeking several Orders:-

"That the Respondents are in contempt of Court Orders dated 24^th November 2015 and that they be arrested and detained in prison for contempt of Court" plus several other reliefs that will be attended to in this ruling.

This application was filed at Nakawa, the then Central Circuit of the High Court, before it was wound up. The record shows that the trial Judge at Nakawa Ordered for filing of Written Submissions on which this ruling is based.

The grounds of this application are that on 24/11/2015 the Court Ordered that;-

1. There should not be further construction until the trial Judge directed otherwise.
2. The access road in Mwijuke Ronald's land under dispute to the home of the 1^st Applicant stop or wait the trial Judges' directions.
3. That in contempt of the above Orders, the Respondents continued to construct and 1^st and 2^nd Respondents fully developed the only current access to the 1^st Applicants' home.

The application is supported by the affidavits of Nalumansi Fatuma and Nkumbi Godfrey (Applicants).

This application was opposed and affidavits of 1^st , 2^nd and 3^rd Respondents were filed.

1. 1^st Respondent stated that the Interim Order allegedly violated allowed him to construct in areas on which construction had already started before the Order.

He contended that he constructed on the old place and no new construction has been done in violation of Court Order. That there has never been an access in his land and that by the time the Court visited the locus in quo, he had already constructed his security house and had dug the foundation for his fence.

1. 2^nd Respondent (Mwijukye Ronald) stated that he was not aware of the Court Order, it was not extracted by by his

Lawyer as alleged and that the Court Order was made long after his wall fence had been constructed.

1. 3^rd Respondent, Edward Ngobe stated he never constructed in any new area as prohibited by the Court Order.

I have considered the Advocate's written submissions based on the above allegations of contempt of the Court Order and explanation given in rebuttal by the Respondent's affidavits.

The burden of proof lies on the Applicant for the Orders in an application seeking reliefs or Orders in contempt of Court Orders, the Applicant must prove

1. That there existed a lawful Court Order.
2. That the Respondent knew of the existence of the Court Order and that he violated the Order.

Before the Deputy Registrar made the Interim Order in question he visited the locus in quo and he noted;- "There is resistance by the 1^st Applicant stopping Mwijukye from biocking the weii known access which she has used since 1993. The same access is in Mwijukye's second plot: All developments by Mwijukye looked recently put up especially the perimeter wall and pit latrine "

This evidence establishes that the perimeter wall existed before the Order and therefore, I am unable to find for the Applicant that this construction was done in violation of a Court Order.

For contempt to occur, there must be an existing Order before the act complained of occurred. It must be made clear that a decision that there was no contempt of Court Order on one aspect of alleged act does not dispose of the whole application.

The 1^st Applicant alleges that the 1^st Respondent built a security house within 2 weeks when she was with the Lawyers preparing for hearing. Paragraph 10 of the 1^st Applicants' rejoinder portrays that before the Order was made, the 1^st Respondent raised the security house.

This is corroborated by the pictures taken during the visiting of the locus in quo. The very house picture taken at the visit is the same security house attached to the affidavit as annexture \J' in the rejoinder.

In as far as the above acts complained of, there is no evidence that there was violation of Order made on 24^th November 2015 because this Order was made after the Registra's visit and taking of the photographs which show the construction done before the visit.

The Applicant stated that the 1^st Respondent raised a fresh foundation which was not in existence at the time of visiting of the locus in quo. Annextures A, B, C, D and the affidavit in support show fresh digging in the new area.

It is clear that the wire mesh fence is a new development that was not present at the time of visiting the locus in quo. I have considered this with the 1^st Respondent's admission when he states that he built the wire mesh on an already existing foundation.

However, the annextures depict that there was fresh digging which was contrary to the Court Order of 24^th November 2015. The parties to a Court Order must obey the Court Order in its' totality.

The evidence of 1^st Respondent is to the effect that the Court Order allowed him to construct in areas on which construction had already commenced before the Court Order.

That the Court Order did not make specification as to what amounted to "new areas". He also averred that he was not in Court when the Order was made. It is not for the party to decide to go around a Court Order allegedly because it is not clear or specific.

He/She would, where the Order is not clear seek clarification to avoid disobedience.

This position has been settled in decisions of Court's available. In Housing Finance Bank Ltd. Versus Edward Musisi, Msc. Application 158 of 2010 it was held;- "A party who knows of an Order regardless of whether, in view of that party, the Order is null or valid, regular or irregular cannot be permitted to disobey it by reason of what that party regards the Order to be. It is not for that party to choose whether or not to comply with such Order. The Order must be complied with in totality in all circumstances by the party concerned subject to the party's right to challenge the Order in issue".

The Respondent, if aggrieved by the Interim Order whether for reasons that it, was ambiguous or otherwise had options of appealing against it, seeking it's review or revision. As long as an Order exists, it must not be disobeyed.

In view of the above, the Respondent knowingly carried out fresh construction in disobedience of the Court Order.

The Applicant seeks an Order of arrest and imprisonment of the Respondents. There are four (4) Respondents in this matter and there must be proof of contempt against each one of them.

The issue of whether there is an access road on the suitland or not is a matter to be resolved at the trial of the headsuit and the reliefs pending in the headsuit ought to wait for the conclusion of the head suit and cannot be managed in an application for contempt of Court.

In this application I have not found any evidence to show that the 2^nd , 3^rd and 4^th Respondent carried out any fresh construction after the Court Order came in force and they are outright absolved. "It has been established by the decision of other jurisdiction that imprisonment for Civii contempt is properly Ordered where the Defendant has refused to do an affirmative act required by the previous of an Order which either in form or substance was

mandatory in character. ----------------------------- If the contempt consists in

refusal of a party to do something which he is Ordered to do for the benefit and advantage of the opposite party_r the process is Civil and he stands to be committed until he complies with the Order, The Order is in such a case is not a punishment but it is to coerce or compel him to act in accordance with the Order".